Renal diffusion-weighted imaging in diabetic nephropathy: correlation with clinical stages of disease
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Abdominal Imaging - Original Article
P: 374-378
September 2014

Renal diffusion-weighted imaging in diabetic nephropathy: correlation with clinical stages of disease

Diagn Interv Radiol 2014;20(5):374-378
1. Department of Radiology, Finike State Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
2. Department of Radiology, Pamukkale University Hospitals, Denizli, Turkey
3. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pamukkale University Hospitals, Denizli, Turkey
4. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Denizli Surgery Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
No information available.
No information available
Received Date: 02.01.2014
Accepted Date: 20.03.2014
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ABSTRACT

PURPOSE

We aimed to assess the correlation between renal apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values measured by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the clinical stages of diabetic nephropathy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

DWI (b value, 0 and 600 s/mm2) was performed in 78 patients with clinically confirmed diabetic nephropathy (study group) and 22 volunteers without diabetes mellitus or any renal disease (control group). The mean ADCs were calculated from multiple region-of-interest circles positioned in the renal cortex. Diabetic nephropathy was clinically categorized into five stages based on the values of urinary albumin excretion and glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

RESULTS

Mean renal ADC values of patients with stage 3 or 4 disease were significantly lower than those in patients with stage 1 or 2 disease and the control group (P < 0.001). ADC values of patients with stage 5 disease were significantly lower than those in patients with stage 4 (P = 0.003), stage 3 (P = 0.020), stages 2 and 1, and the control group (P < 0.001). Significant correlations were found between mean renal ADC values and clinical stages of diabetic nephropathy (r=−0.751, P < 0.001), between mean renal ADC values and estimated GFR values (r=0.642, P < 0.001), and between mean renal ADC values and urinary albumin excretion (r=−0.419, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Renal ADC values show a significant correlation with clinical stages of diabetic nephropathy. As a relatively simple and noninvasive tool without contrast media administration, renal quantitative DWI may potentially play a role in making clinical decisions in the follow-up of diabetic patients.